Why Impact On Oncology in Modern Life of Healthcare

ONCOLOGY:

Overview:

       It discovered by, year, how oncology came up medicine fields, how was model restarted and year of boom in medical. Oncology is a relatively young medical field with ancient roots and a rapid "boom" in recent decades.

Discovery and Origin

ü  First Coined By: The word "oncology" is derived from the Greek word onkos (meaning "swelling" or "mass"), used by the Greek physician Galen (130–200 CE).

 

ü  Founding of Scientific Oncology: Italian pathologist Gianbattista Morgagni is credited with founding scientific oncology in 1761 through autopsies that linked internal lesions to the cause of death.

 

ü  Father of Medical Oncology: B. J. Kennedy (1921–2003) is considered the "Father of Medical Oncology" for his work in establishing it as a certified specialty. 

Entry into Medicine Fields

Initial Stages:

            For centuries, cancer was treated solely by surgeons.

Radiation Oncology:

            Emerged in 1896 shortly after Wilhelm Roentgen’s discovery of X-rays in 1895.

Medical Oncology:

            This field was officially established in 1973 as a certified subspecialty of internal medicine. Its rise was driven by the success of chemotherapy, which proved cancer could be treated systemically rather than just locally. 

 

Model Restart and Modern Boom

The "Restart" (Mid-1900s): 

            The modern "medical" model of oncology "restarted" after World War II. In 1949, the FDA approved nitrogen mustard (a chemical warfare derivative) as the first chemotherapy, shifting the focus from only surgery/radiation to pharmaceutical treatments.

The Clinical Boom (1960s–1970s):

            The field exploded when researchers like Emil Frei and James Holland demonstrated in 1958 that combination chemotherapy could cure childhood leukemia and Hodgkin’s disease.

Year of Recent Boom:

            While chemotherapy peaked in the 70s, a second major boom occurred in the 1990s and early 2000s with the birth of targeted therapy (e.g., Trastuzumab in 1998 and Imatinib in 2001) and immunotherapy. 

 American Cancer Society's History of Cancer for a complete deep dive into these milestones.